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| All
text content on
this
site © SJGS. |
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| Photographs
© Martyn Gingell |
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Tutorial
extracts |
These
following extracts are provided just to give a taster of some
of the tutorials given by and to members of the
Southern Jazz Guitar Society. |
Part
of a report on a workshop run by Ron Myers taken from
the December 2006 newsletter |
Ron
explained his approach to improvising, using the tune
'Out Of Nowhere' as an example and providing the 'chord
boxes' below showing fingerings for a major scale. |
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One
approach he uses over the initial Gmaj7 chord of this
tune is to start the scale on the G# of the scale, his
logic being that this is the defining note of that chord.
He
first recommended picking rhythmically and melodically
interesting phrases, just using the notes in that scale. |
You
can think of the fingering diagram above as lots of
chord diagrams overlaid on each other. Look carefully,
and see how many chords can be found in this position
just using the notes of the G major scale as pictured
here. You can then play the arpeggios of these
chords to brighten things up, and get away from a 'playing
scales' sound. |
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The
second chord of the tune is Eb7, and Ron explained how
this belongs to the key of Ab (if you want to know why,
contact the Editor for a copy of his article explaining
this). This means you can take anything you played over
the Gmaj7 chord and move it up one fret to play over
the Eb7 |
The
tune progresses to a Bm7 chord, which belongs again
to the key of G. Ron's approach, therefore, is
to stick with the scale of G, but start it on the note
B in the scale.
Similarly, other chords which also belong to G,
like Am7, can also have a G scale played over them,
starting on the root note of the chord i.e. A.
For
D7, play a G scale starting on D. For a C major
chord, which also belongs to the key of G, play the
scale of G major starting on C e.g. C D E F# G A B C. |
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| Extracts
from a 'Soloing through the changes' workshop
run by Simon Newton |
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1.
Introduction
On
the cover of legendary pianist Bill Evans's Finest
Hour album there is a quote from the man himself
which goes "it bugs me when people try to analyze
jazz as an intellectual theorem. It is not, it's feeling".
Whilst there maybe
some truth in this view, for most novice jazz musicians
creating a meaningful solo over complicated and continually
modulating chord changes by feel alone presents a real
problem. The purpose of this workshop is to try and
explain how these problems can be overcome by analysing
the chord sequence to Have You Met Miss Jones,
with no apologies being made for the theoretical content. |
2. Analysis of Chord
Progression
Have You Met Miss Jones
is a Rodgers and Hart standard recorded by many artistes
including Joe Pass, Stephane Grappelli, McCoy Tyner
and more recently rock star- turned crooner Robbie Williams.
It shares the AABA 32 bar format with many other jazz
tunes. The A section consists of 1 VI 11 V sequence
whilst the B section includes a string of 11 V 1 's
moved down in Major 3rd intervals (very much
like John Coltrane's Giant Steps progression). The tune is made up of 3 chord types;
minor 7th, dominant 7th and major 7th. There are four key centres in this progression, presenting a real
challenge for the soloist. Tempo is usually medium -fast,
making the construction of a melodic solo over the changes
even more of a challenge.
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The
F#dim7 in bar two of the A section is an inversion of
D7b9, which substitutes as a secondary dominant for
the V1chord in the key of F (Dm7). The Fmaj7 Ð F#dim7
Ð Gm7 Ð C7 'I Got Rhythm' sequence is found all the
time in jazz standards in various keys and guises!
The Am7 to Dm7 change in bars 5 and 6 and 13 and 14
of the A section can be thought of as F Maj7 and D7.
Am7 is merely an inversion of an Fmaj9 chord, whilst
D7 substitutes for Dm7 as a secondary dominant. Remember
that all dominant 7ths here are functioning and as such
can be altered. You should experiment to see which alterations
suit the tune. |
3.
Creating a solo: Scale and Arpeggio Suggestions
To
play a decent melodic solo through these changes you
need to get to know some scales and arpeggios and how
they can be applied. This will enable you to map out
the changes on the fret board and help you to locate
the strong chord tones for the progression. |
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3.1
Getting Started
It's
best to start by using only major scales and related
arpeggios to navigate your way through the changes.
Although this can be a bit hit and miss at first due
to the presence of 'avoid notes' in the major
scale, with practice and careful phrasing an acceptable
solo can be created. Ultimately it's best to know all
major scales in every position on the fingerboard. For
the purpose of this exercise, you will need to know
the four major scales and associated arpeggios relevant
to the four keys found in the progression. |
For
the F major key centre - F major scale plus arpeggios
of F major 7 and F major 9
For
the Bb major key centre - Bb major scale plus
arpeggios of Bb major7 and Bb major 9
For
the Gb major key centre - Gb major scale plus arpeggios
of Gb major 7 and Gb major 9
For
the D Major key centre - D major scale plus arpeggios
of D major 7 and D major 9
Try
to find these scales and arpeggios within a confined
area of the fingerboard; apart from being good fret
board navigation practice this assists in the smooth
transition of lines through the various keys. For example:
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F
Major scale
start with finger 4 on string 5, fret 8
Bb
Major scale start with
finger 1 on string 6, fret 6
Gb
Major scale start with finger
4 on string 5, fret 9
D
Major scale start
with finger 4 on string 6, fret 10
Many
jazz guitar educators advocate the use of this method
(called the 'CAGED' system) for learning the fret board
and to facilitate the smooth transition of solo lines
between key changes. |
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